Melasma is a common yet frustrating skin condition that causes dark, patchy pigmentation, most often on the face. It can affect confidence and is known for being persistent and recurrent if not managed correctly.
At Orthoderma Clinic in Ludhiana, Dr. Vidushi Singal regularly treats patients struggling with melasma using medically guided, long-term treatment plans.
Understanding what triggers melasma and how to manage it is key to achieving and maintaining clearer skin.
What Is Melasma?
Melasma is a form of hyperpigmentation characterized by brown or greyish patches, commonly appearing on:
- Cheeks
- Forehead
- Upper lip
- Nose
- Jawline
It occurs due to overproduction of melanin, often influenced by internal and external factors.
Common Triggers of Melasma
1. Sun Exposure
UV rays are the strongest trigger for melasma. Even minimal sun exposure can darken existing patches.
2. Hormonal Changes
Pregnancy, oral contraceptive pills, and hormonal imbalances can stimulate melanin production, making melasma more common in women.
3. Genetics
A family history of pigmentation increases the likelihood of developing melasma.
4. Heat and Infrared Exposure
Excess heat from cooking, hot environments, or certain treatments can worsen melasma.
5. Incorrect Skincare Products
Harsh products, over-exfoliation, and unregulated creams can damage the skin barrier and aggravate pigmentation.
How Is Melasma Diagnosed?
Melasma is usually diagnosed through:
- Clinical examination
- Assessment of pigmentation depth
- Evaluation of triggers and lifestyle factors
Melasma Treatment Options
Treating melasma requires a combination approach rather than a single solution.
1. Topical Medications
Dermatologist-prescribed creams help regulate melanin production and improve skin tone.
2. Chemical Peels
Superficial peels can help lighten pigmentation and improve overall skin texture when done under medical supervision.
3. Laser and Light-Based Treatments
Certain laser treatments may be recommended for selected cases, depending on skin type and pigmentation depth.
4. Oral Medications
In some cases, oral agents are used to control pigmentation from within.
Important Note: Self-treatment or aggressive procedures can worsen melasma if not carefully planned.
Maintenance: Preventing Recurrence of Melasma
Melasma is a chronic condition, which means maintenance is essential even after improvement.
Daily Sun Protection
- Use broad-spectrum sunscreen every day
- Reapply every 2–3 hours when outdoors
- Use physical barriers like hats and sunglasses
Gentle Skincare Routine
- Avoid harsh scrubs and unverified products
- Stick to dermatologist-recommended skincare
Regular Follow-Ups
Periodic consultations help adjust treatment and prevent relapse.
Why Melasma Needs Dermatologist-Led Care
Melasma is not just a cosmetic concern—it requires medical expertise. Incorrect treatments can:
- Deepen pigmentation
- Cause rebound darkening
- Damage skin permanently
When Should You See a Dermatologist?
Consult a dermatologist if:
- Pigmentation is spreading or darkening
- Skin becomes sensitive or irritated
- You want safe, long-term results
Final Thoughts
Melasma may be stubborn, but with the right approach, it can be controlled and managed effectively. Early diagnosis, professional treatment, and consistent maintenance are the keys to lasting improvement.
If you’re dealing with melasma or pigmentation concerns, consult Dr. Vidushi Singal at Orthoderma Clinic in Ludhiana for a personalized and safe treatment plan.